Toshiko Mitani (1904-1992) was a Japanese painter from Hyogo Prefecture. She studied painting at the Women’s Art College (now Joshibi University of Art and Design) in Tokyo. After graduating from the college, she joined Seikosha, a study group in Kyoto led by Nishiyama Suisho, and studied under Suisho. He began exhibiting at the Teiten in the early Showa period, winning special prizes at the 13th exhibition in 1932 and the 14th exhibition the following year. After World War II, he was active mainly at the Nitten. He served as a member of Nitten, a member of its board of trustees, and a counselor, and also served as a professor, dean, and president of Joshibi University of Art and Design, his home institution.